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Sexual Health in the Digital Age: Navigating the Impact of Technology on Intimacy and Relationships

Introduction:
In an era defined by unprecedented access to information and connectivity, the landscape of sexual health and intimacy has been profoundly influenced by advancements in technology. From dating apps and online pornography to telemedicine and sexual education platforms, technology has reshaped the way we interact, communicate, and engage with matters of sexuality. However, with these advancements come both opportunities and challenges, as individuals navigate the complexities of digital intimacy while striving to maintain healthy relationships and sexual wellbeing. This article explores the multifaceted impact of technology on sexual health, examining its implications for intimacy, education, consent, and mental wellbeing.

The Rise of Digital Intimacy:
With the proliferation of dating apps, social media platforms, and online communities, technology has revolutionized the way people connect and form relationships. Digital platforms offer unprecedented opportunities for individuals to meet potential partners, explore their sexual preferences, and express their identities in ways that were previously unimaginable. However, the anonymity and accessibility afforded by digital interactions also present unique challenges, including issues of consent, privacy, and online harassment.

Moreover, the prevalence of online pornography has reshaped societal norms and expectations surrounding sexuality, influencing perceptions of pleasure, desire, and body image. While pornography can serve as a source of sexual exploration and arousal for some individuals, excessive consumption and unrealistic depictions can also contribute to distorted views of sex, intimacy, and relationships.

The Role of Technology in Sexual Education:
Technology has also played a pivotal role in transforming sexual education and health communication. Online platforms and mobile apps provide accessible resources and information on topics such as contraception, STI prevention, consent, and sexual pleasure, empowering individuals to make informed decisions about their sexual health. Telemedicine services offer discreet and convenient access to sexual health professionals, allowing individuals to seek confidential advice, testing, and treatment from the comfort of their own homes.

Furthermore, social media influencers, bloggers, and online communities have emerged as influential voices in destigmatizing taboo topics and promoting open dialogue about sexuality. These platforms provide spaces for individuals to share their experiences, seek support, and access diverse perspectives on matters of intimacy and sexual health.

Navigating the Challenges of Digital Intimacy:
While technology has undoubtedly expanded opportunities for sexual expression and exploration, it also presents a myriad of challenges and risks. The anonymity and perceived distance of digital interactions can erode traditional notions of intimacy and interpersonal connection, leading to feelings of loneliness, isolation, and disconnection. Moreover, the prevalence of online harassment, revenge porn, and digital exploitation underscores the need for greater awareness of digital consent and boundaries in intimate relationships.

Furthermore, the commodification of sexuality in online spaces can perpetuate harmful stereotypes, objectification, and sexualization of individuals, particularly women and marginalized communities. It is essential to critically examine the impact of digital media on societal attitudes and behaviors surrounding sexuality, while fostering a culture of respect, consent, and empowerment in online interactions.

Conclusion:
As technology continues to evolve and shape the landscape of sexual health and intimacy, it is imperative to approach digital interactions with mindfulness, responsibility, and compassion. By leveraging technology as a tool for education, communication, and empowerment, we can foster healthier attitudes towards sexuality, promote consent and respect in intimate relationships, and cultivate a more inclusive and affirming digital culture. Let us embrace the opportunities afforded by the digital age while navigating its challenges with integrity and empathy, striving towards a future where technology serves as a catalyst for sexual liberation and wellbeing.

Written by: Pharm Omojo Uhiah

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World Hepatitis Day 2023

Hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver. It is commonly the result of viral infection, but there are other possible causes of hepatitis which includes autoimmune hepatitis and hepatitis that occurs as a secondary result of medications, drugs, toxins and alcohol. Autoimmune hepatitis is a disease that occurs when your body makes antibodies against your liver tissue.

FIVE MAIN VIRAL CLASSIFICATIONS OF HEPATITIS.

– Hepatitis A; This type of hepatitis is an acute short term disease.

– Hepatitis B; This is often an ongoing, chronic condition.

– Hepatitis C; This is among the most common blood borne viral infections and it presents as a long term condition.

– Hepatitis D; This is a rare form of hepatitis that only occurs in conjunction with hepatitis B infection. The hepatitis D virus causes liver inflammation.

-Hepatitis E; This is a waterborne disease. It is found in areas with poor sanitation and typically results from ingesting fecal matter that contaminates the water supply.

SYMPTOMS OF HEPATITIS

* Fatigue
* Flu-like symptoms
* Dark urine
* Pale stool
* Abdominal pain
* Loss of appetite
* Unexplained weight​

TREATMENT

Treatment to prevent hepatitis infection after exposure. If you know you’ve been exposed to the hepatitis virus and aren’t sure if you’ve been vaccinated, call your doctor immediately. An injection of immunoglobulin (an antibody) given within 12 hours of exposure to the virus may help protect you from getting sick with hepatitis. Because this treatment only provides short-term protection, you also should get the hepatitis vaccine at the same time, if you never received it.

Treatment for acute hepatitis infection If your doctor determines your hepatitis infection is acute — meaning it is short-lived and will go away on its own — you may not need treatment. Instead, your doctor might recommend rest, proper nutrition and plenty of fluids while your body fights the infection. In severe cases, antiviral drugs or a hospital stay is needed to prevent complications.

Treatment for chronic hepatitis infection Most people diagnosed with chronic hepatitis infection need treatment for the rest of their lives. Treatment helps reduce the risk of liver disease and prevents you from passing the infection to others. Treatment for chronic hepatitis may include:

*Antiviral medications. Several antiviral medications — including entecavir (Baraclude), tenofovir (Viread), lamivudine (Epivir), adefovir (Hepsera) and telbivudine (Tyzeka) — can help fight the virus and slow its ability to damage your liver. These drugs are taken by mouth.

*Interferon injections. Interferon alfa-2b (Intron A) is a man-made version of a substance produced by the body to fight infection. It’s used mainly for young people with hepatitis B who wish to avoid long-term treatment or women who might want to get pregnant within a few years, after completing a finite course of therapy. Interferon should not be used during pregnancy.

*Liver transplant, If your liver has been severely damaged, a liver transplant may be an option. During a liver transplant, the surgeon removes your damaged liver and replaces it with a healthy liver.

PREVENTION

There are many ways you can reduce your chances of getting hepatitis:

*Get the vaccines for hepatitis

*Use a condom during sex.

*Don’t share needles to take drugs.

*Practice good personal hygiene such as thorough hand-washing with soap and water.

*Don’t use an infected person’s personal items.

*Take precaution when traveling to areas of the world with poor sanitation. (Make sure to get your vaccines.)

*Drink bottled water when traveling.

*It is very important that you take preventive steps too if you work in places like nursing homes, dormitories, daycare centers, or restaurants where there you have extended contact with other people and a risk of coming into contact with the disease.

SUPPLEMENTS FOR HEPATITIS

Milk Thistle

Helps protect the liver cell and reduces inflammation that can damage the liver.

Curcumin

This is a chemical in turmeric, the spice that gives many curries their flavor and yellow hue. It can help the body fight inflammation.

Probiotics

These are beneficial bacteria that help maintain the health of the gut and aid in digestion.

Licorice Root

This root helps to slow the growth of liver cancer.

 

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Maca

Maca is a plant that grows in central Peru in the high plateaus of the Andes Mountains.
It has been cultivated as a vegetable crop in this area for at least 3000 years.

Maca is a relative of the radish and has an odor similar to butterscotch.
Its root is used to make medicine.

Maca root is added to food to boost libido and energy.
It has also been studied as a remedy for sexual dysfunction, depression, hair loss, hot flashes, and fertility.

Maca root has become a very popular supplement known for its potential benefits for fertility, libido, menopause, and more.

Maca is a plant that some populations in Peru have used for thousands of years as a food and medicine.

In the last few decades, maca has grown in popularity around the world as a natural remedy for certain health issues, including infertility and low sex drive.

Maca supplement is sold as a powder you can add to foods or drinks. It also comes as gelcaps.
People take maca by mouth for “tired blood” (anemia); chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS); and enhancing energy, stamina, athletic performance, and memory.

People also take maca by mouth for:

Female hormone imbalance,

Menstrual problems, Symptoms of menopause, Improving fertility, and Sexual dysfunction caused by antidepressants,

Weak bones (osteoporosis), Depression,

Stomach cancer,

Leukemia,

HIV/AIDS,

Tuberculosis,

Erectile dysfunction (ED), to arouse sexual desire, and to boost the immune system.

USES OF MACA

•Sexual dysfunction caused by antidepressant drugs. Early research suggests that taking maca twice daily for 12 weeks slightly improves sexual dysfunction in women taking antidepressants.

• Male infertility:
Early research shows that taking a specific maca product daily for 4 months increases semen and sperm count in healthy men.

• Postmenopausal conditions:                                                                                                                                                                           Taking Maca daily for 6 weeks slightly improves blood pressure and some aspects of mood, including depression and anxiety, in postmenopausal women.

• Sexual desire:                                                                                                                                                                                                            Taking maca product daily for 12 weeks can increase sexual desire in healthy men.

• Tired blood (anemia).                                                                                                                                                                                              •  Leukemia.
• Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS).
• Improving energy and athletic performance.
• Improving memory.
• Depression.
• Female hormone imbalance.
• Menstrual problems.
• Symptoms of menopause.
• Osteoporosis.
• Stomach cancer.
• Tuberculosis.
• Boosting the immune system.

POSSIBLE SIDE EFFECTS

Little is known about the safety and risks of short-term or long-term use of maca.
Since it is a natural food, it is generally believed to be safe in large doses.

* If you have one of the following conditions, you should not take maca without consulting your healthcare provider:

• Breast, uterine, or ovarian cancer.
• Endometriosis
• Uterine fibroids
• Thyroid disease

As with many other supplements, maca hasn’t been tested for safety in pregnant people, nursing mothers, children, those with medical conditions, or those who are taking medications.

Written by Osuegbu Lilian Nkechi

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Bacterial Vaginosis (BV)

What Is Bacterial Vaginosis?

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is an infection of the vagina. It results from a change in the normal balance of vaginal bacteria. BV usually doesn’t cause any other health problems. But it can lead to issues, especially when you’re pregnant or trying to get pregnant.

Bacterial Vaginosis Symptoms

About half of the time, women with BV have no symptoms. But they can include:

  • Burning feeling when you pee
  • Fishy smell that gets stronger after sex
  • Itching
  • Thin white, gray, or green discharge

It isn’t the same as a yeast infection. Those often have a thick white discharge that doesn’t smell.

When to See a Doctor About BV

Because BV symptoms can look like those from other infections, it’s important to find out the cause. See your doctor if you:

  • Have a new vaginal discharge along with a smell or a fever
  • Have more than one intimate partner or a new partner (You might need to be checked for a sexually transmitted disease.)
  • Used an over-the-counter medicine for a yeast infection but still have symptoms

Bacterial Vaginosis Causes

A type of bacteria called lactobacillus keeps your vagina slightly acidic so bad bacteria don’t grow well. If your lactobacillus levels drop, more bad bacteria move in, and you get BV.

Bacterial Vaginosis Risk Factors

Any woman can get BV, but your risks are higher if you:

  • Smoke
  • Are sexually active
  • Douche

Douching upsets the natural balance of bacteria. So can scented soaps, bubble baths, and vaginal deodorants.

A new sex partner, or having more than one, makes it more likely that you’ll get BV. It isn’t clear why, but women who have female partners are most at risk. You can get BV from oral and anal sex.

The IUD birth control device, which fits inside your uterus, has been linked to BV, especially if you have irregular bleeding. But it isn’t clear whether it’s a direct cause.

You can’t get vaginal infections like BV from swimming pools or public toilet seats.

Bacterial Vaginosis Treatment

The doctor can prescribe antibiotics (metronidazole, clindamycin, tinidazole) to treat BV. This could be a tablet you take by mouth or a cream or gel you put into your vagina. You’ll need to take most treatments for 5 to 7 days. Finish all your medicine, even if the symptoms go away. If you stop early, the infection could come back.

Since BV can be spread through sex, don’t have sexual contact until you’re done taking your medicine and your symptoms are gone. Even after BV is treated and goes away, it often returns. If that happens, you’ll probably need to take antibiotics again for a longer time.

If you use an IUD and BV keeps coming back (recurrent BV), you may want to talk to your doctor about a different type of birth control.

Bacterial Vaginosis Complications

Bacterial vaginosis has been tied to a higher risk of other health problems, including:

  • A bacterial infection, if you have a hysterectomy or other surgery on your female organs while you have BV
  • A premature or low birth weight baby
  • A sexually transmitted disease like herpes, chlamydia, or gonorrhea, or passing HIV to your partner
  • Less success with fertility treatments like in vitro fertilization (IVF)
  • Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), an infection of your uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries

Bacterial Vaginosis Prevention

To lower your chances of getting BV, take these steps:

  • Clean sex toys after every use.
  • Don’t douche.
  • Get tested for sexually transmitted diseases, and make sure your sex partners are tested.
  • Limit your number of sex partners.
  • If your partner is male, put a condom on their penis before it touches your vagina, mouth, or anus.
  • Use only water or mild soap to wash your genitals.
  • Wipe from front to back after you use the bathroom.

 

Reference: Webmd

Written by: Omojo Emeje

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Hepatitis

Hepatitis refers to an inflammatory condition of the liver. It is commonly the result of a viral infection, but there are other possible causes of hepatitis. These include autoimmune hepatitis and hepatitis that occurs as a secondary result of medications, drugs, toxins, and alcohol.

Autoimmune hepatitis is a disease that occurs when your body makes antibodies against your liver tissue.
The five main viral classifications of hepatitis are hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E. A different virus is responsible for each type of viral hepatitis.

TYPES OF HEPATITIS
1. Hepatitis A
Hepatitis A is the result of an infection with the hepatitis A virus (HAV). This type of hepatitis is an acute, short-term disease.

2. Hepatitis B
The hepatitis B virus (HBV) causes hepatitis B. This is often an ongoing, chronic condition.

3. Hepatitis C
Hepatitis C comes from the hepatitis C virus HCV. HCV is among the most common blood borne viral infections in the United States and typically presents as a long-term condition.

4. Hepatitis D
This is a rare form of hepatitis that only occurs in conjunction with hepatitis B infection. The hepatitis D virus (HDV) causes liver inflammation like other strains, but a person cannot contract HDV without an existing hepatitis B infection.

5. Hepatitis E
This is a waterborne disease that results from exposure to the hepatitis E virus (HEV). Hepatitis E is mainly found in areas with poor sanitation and typically results from ingesting fecal matter that contaminates the water supply.

CAUSES OF HEPATITIS

1. Hepatitis A – exposure to HAV in food or water

2. Hepatitis B – contact with HBV in body fluids, such as blood, vaginal secretions, or semen

3. Hepatitis C- contact with HCV in body fluids, such as blood, vaginal secretions, or semen

4. Hepatitis D -contact with blood containing HDV

5. Hepatitis E -exposure to HEV in food or water

Causes of noninfectious hepatitis
1- Alcohol and other toxins
2- Autoimmune system response

SYMPTOMS

Common symptoms of infectious hepatitis include:

1. Fatigue
2. Flu- like symptoms
3. Dark urine
4. Pale stool
5. Abdominal pain
6. Loss of appetite
7. Unexplained weight loss
8. Yellow skin and eyes, which may be signs of jaundice

TREATMENT OF HEPATITIS
Treatment depends on the type of hepatitis.
Viral hepatitis may be treated with antiviral medication.

1. Tenofovir disoproxil
2. Tenofovir alafenamide
3. Entecavir
4. Adefovir Dipivoxil
5. Telbivudine
6. Lamivudine
7. Simeprevir and Sofosbuvir

FOR ALCOHOLiC HEPATITIS
Treatment involves hydration, nutritional care and stopping alcohol use, steroid drugs can help reduce liver inflammation

IN CONCLUSION, HEPATITIS CAN BE CONTROLLED AND TREATED WITH THE RIGHT ANTIVIRAL MEDICATIONS AND LIFESTYLE!

 

Written by: Ruth Olusegun.

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Natural Remedies for Erectile Dysfunction 

Natural Remedies for Erectile Dysfunction

Erectile dysfunction (ED) occurs when someone who has a penis can’t have or maintain an erection. ED happens when blood flow to the penis is limited. it is more common in people who:

  • are older
  • have health conditions like diabetes or high blood pressure
  • have had an injury to the spinal cord, penis, or pelvis
  • take medication like antidepressants or blood pressure medications
  • have anxiety or stress
  • are overweight
  • smoke

The treatment for ED depends on its cause. It may include certain prescription medications, a vacuum device, or even surgery. But lifestyle changes and other natural treatments can also help improve ED.

It is important to understand the possible risks associated with ED treatments, especially natural remedies, which the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) have not approved.

What are some natural remedies for treating erectile dysfunction?

There are many natural treatments for ED. They range from lifestyle changes like modifying your diet and exercise to getting mental health or relationship counseling.

It’s best to talk with your doctor before trying a new treatment on your own. They can help identify the cause of your ED and recommend effective ED treatment options, whether conventional, natural, or a combination.

1. Diet

Eating a balanced diet may help maintain sexual function and decrease your risk of ED.

A 2020 studyTrusted Source found that men who more strictly followed a Mediterranean diet or Alternative Healthy Eating Index 2010 diet had a lower chance of developing ED. In particular, they consumed less red or processed meat and primarily ate:

  • fruits
  • vegetables
  • legumes
  • nuts
  • fish

Research from 2017 similarly found that eating more fruits, vegetables, and flavonoids (compounds found in produce, coffee, and other foods) lowered the risk of ED in men ages 18 to 40.

These foods are important for your overall health, so helping maintain or improve your sexual function as well is a win-win.

2. Exercise

Research indicates that physical activity may help protect against and improve ED. It may be particularly effective if your ED is caused by obesity, inactivity, or cardiovascular disease, among other conditions.

A 2018 research reviewTrusted Source found that moderate-to-intense aerobic exercise for 40 minutes a day, four times per week for 6 months helped reduce ED. This includes exercises like:

  • running
  • brisk walking
  • bicycling
  • swimming
  • skiing

Physical activity helps improve blood vessel health, lower stress, and raise testosterone levels, which can all help with ED.

3. Sleep

It’s important for your overall health to get enough sleep each night. Sleeping regularly may also improve your ED.

A study from 2017 found that men working night shifts who reported worse sleep quality were at higher risk for ED.

A large 2015 studyTrusted Source also indicated that people with a sleep disorder had a greater risk of developing ED. Other researchTrusted Source has linked obstructive sleep apnea to an increased chance of ED.

Not getting enough sleep can lower your testosterone levels, which may contribute to ED. Sustained lack of sleep is also associated with conditions that are related to ED, like diabetes and high blood pressure.

4. Weight loss

Your weight may be another factor in ED.

According to a research review from 2020, ED was significantly more common in men who were overweight, or had obesity or a larger waist circumferences.

A small 2014 study indicated that gastric bypass surgery improved blood vessel health and ED among extremely obese men. A 2017 research review similarly found an improvement in ED after bariatric (weight loss) surgery.

If your weight is contributing to your ED, exercise and a balanced diet can help you lose weight and improve your ED.

5. Psychotherapy

In some cases, ED results from a combination of physical and psychological issues. These may include fear of failure, religious beliefs, and sexual trauma, among others.

In turn, ED can lead to additional mental health issues, including emotional distress and lower self-esteem, which then can further worsen ED. Therapy may help address these issues to improve ED.

According to a 2021 research review, psychological interventions like cognitive behavioral therapy were especially effective when paired with ED medications. Mental health interventions may also be effective on their own, but more research is needed.

A small 2018 study involving 4 weeks of mindfulness-focused group therapy indicated that this type of therapy may be helpful for improving ED and sexual satisfaction, too.

6. Sex therapy or couples counseling

Around 10 to 25 percentTrusted Source of men with ED have no known risk factors. This condition, known as non-organic ED, may be caused by mental health issues like depression or by experiencing anxiety when having sex.

A small 2020 study found that cognitive behavior sex therapy (CBST) and medication were each effective on their own at reducing non-organic ED. In addition, CBST was more effective at lowering anxiety among study participants.

It may also be helpful to attend counseling with your partner to help them understand your condition and discuss ways to support you.

Research from 2016Trusted Source labeled ED as a shared health issue for sexual partners and recommended that couples engage in education, counseling, and therapy together.

7. Stress reduction

Mental health issues like stress and anxiety are often linked to ED.

A 2019 studyTrusted Source found that stress was one of the main predictors of ED, with anxiety and depression also associated with the condition. The study suggested that chronic stress may affect testosterone or cause sleep deprivation, which may contribute to ED.

Still, other research indicates that the effect of stress on ED is still unclear. A 2020 study found no association between stress and ED.

Another small study from 2014Trusted Source found that an 8-week stress management program alongside ED medication was similarly effective for improving ED, compared with the medication alone.

Until more is understood about stress and ED, it’s still beneficial to reduce stress in your everyday life to improve your overall health.

8. Alcohol reduction

Studies have shown mixed results for the effects of alcohol on ED.

A research review from 2018Trusted Source found that drinking light-to-moderate amounts of alcohol (less than 21 drinks per week) was actually associated with a lowered risk of ED. On the other hand, regular and high consumption did not significantly affect ED.

Still, other research has linked alcohol use with ED. A 2018 studyTrusted Source found that sexual dysfunction, particularly ED, was common in people with alcohol dependence syndrome. A 2020 research review also identified alcohol as a risk factor for ED.

More research is needed on the role of alcohol in ED. In general, the Centers for Disease Control and PreventionTrusted Source recommend that men consume two or less alcoholic drinks per day.

9. Smoking cessation

Smoking is another behavior that likely contributes to ED. This may be caused in part by smoking damaging blood vessels, preventing enough blood from reaching the penis for an erection.

Smoking may also reduce the availability of nitric oxide in the body, which is needed to cause the involuntary muscle relaxation and increased blood flow that play a role in erections.

According to a research review from 2015Trusted Source, more-frequent smoking was associated with an increased risk of developing ED, as well as more-severe ED.

Some damage from smoking may not be reversible. Still, the review concluded that quitting smoking, especially for men under age 50, may help improve ED.

It’s challenging to quit smoking, but there are many resources available to help. Stopping smoking has the potential not only to help your ED, but to benefit many other areas of your health.

Are there drawbacks to using natural remedies?

Lifestyle changes may be an effective natural remedy for ED and improve your overall health. But many changes — like losing weight, quitting smoking, or eating a balanced diet — may be difficult to achieve.

It may also take time for natural treatments to have an effect. Some people, depending on the cause of their ED, may not show improvements without medications or other treatments. It’s helpful to work with your doctor to find a treatment that works for you.

Natural remedies

While many natural remedies are available to buy in stores and online, none have received the FDA’s approval to treat ED.

The FDATrusted Source do not recommend using OTC products for ED because no authorities regulate them for safety or effectiveness. These products often contain undisclosed ingredients, inappropriate doses of prescription drugs, or different doses of ingredients than the label suggests.

The Urology Care Foundation agree, saying that although supplements are popular and often cheaper than prescription drugs, they are not guaranteed to be safe or effective.

There are very few studies on the safety of natural remedies for ED. Some of the remedies have side effects varying from mild to severe.

The following list looks at some common natural remedies that people use for ED:

1. L-arginine

L-arginine is an amino acid, which is a building block of protein. It is a vasodilator, meaning that it can help open up the blood vessels. In theory, this could increase blood flow to the penis and help produce an erection.

A study from 2017Trusted Source reported that many people with ED had low L-arginine levels, which suggests that the two may be linked.

However, scientific studies have not proven that taking L-arginine supplements can treat ED. More research is necessary before researchers know the safety and effectiveness of this remedy.

People should avoid taking L-arginine alongside prescription ED drugs, such as Viagra, as this combination can cause the blood pressure to drop too low. It can also lead to headaches or flushing.

Side effects of L-arginine may include nausea, stomach cramps, low blood pressure, and increased blood sugar levels.

2. Propionyl-L-carnitine

According to some sources, taking propionyl-L-carnitine alongside Viagra could improve erectile function better than taking Viagra alone.

That said, more studies are needed before researchers know the actual safety and effectiveness of this treatment.

Side effects are usually mild and can include a skin rash, nausea, diarrhea, and heartburn. This remedy may not be safe for people with vascular disease, high blood pressure, diabetes, or liver cirrhosis, among other conditions.

3. DHEA

Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) helps create sex hormones, including testosterone and estrogen. Natural DHEA levels decrease as a person gets older, which may cause a decrease in sexual function.

While some studiesTrusted Source suggest that DHEA supplements could help with ED, othersTrusted Source have found no evidence of their benefit.

DHEA generally causes few side effects when people take it orally in recommended doses, though the side effects can include fatigue, headaches, acne, and an irregular heartbeat.

4. Ginkgo

Ginkgo biloba may increase blood flow to the penis, which could improve sexual desire and counter ED.

However, the National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH)Trusted Source say that there is no solid evidence that ginkgo is beneficial for any health condition.

Side effects of this supplement include headaches, dizziness, stomach upset, palpitations, and constipation.

It can also increase the risk of bleeding, so it may be dangerous for people taking blood thinners, such as warfarin (Coumadin), or those with other bleeding disorders.

5. Ginseng

Ginseng, or Panax ginseng, is a popular home remedy. Certain chemicals in this plant may promote the relaxation of the body’s smooth muscles, helping produce an erection.

Preliminary studies suggest that ginseng could help treat ED, though more high quality research is necessary to confirm this.

The most commonTrusted Source side effect of ginseng is insomnia. Other side effects include increased heart rate, high or low blood pressure, and headaches.

 

References: Healthline

Written by: Ore Okebukunola

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Natural Remedies to Treat Gonorrhoea

Gonorrhea is a common sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by Neisseriagonorrhoeae bacteria. It is transmitted from one person to another during sexual contact, including oral, anal or vaginal intercourse.

It tends to target warm, moist areas of the body, including the:

• urethra (the tube that drains urine from the bladder)
• eyes
• throat
• vagina
• anus
• female reproductive tract (the fallopian tubes, cervix, and uterus)

Symptoms of gonorrhea

Symptoms usually occur within 2 to 14 days after exposure. However, some people who acquire gonorrhea never develop noticeable symptoms.

It’s important to remember that a person with gonorrhea who doesn’t have symptoms, also called an asymptomatic carrier, can still spread the infection. A person is more likely to transmit gonorrhea to other partners when they don’t have noticeable symptoms.

Symptoms in men and those with a penis

A person with a penis may not develop noticeable symptoms for several weeks. Some men may never develop symptoms.

Typically, symptoms begin to show a week after transmission. The first noticeable symptom in men is often a burning or painful sensation during urination.

As it progresses, other symptoms may include:

• greater frequency or urgency of urination
• a pus-like discharge (or drip) from the penis (white, yellow, beige, or greenish)
• swelling or redness at the opening of the penis
• swelling or pain in the testicles
• a persistent sore throat

In rare instances, gonorrhea can continue to cause damage to the body, specifically the urethra and testicles. The condition will stay in the body for a few weeks after the symptoms have been treated.

Pain may also spread to the rectum.

Symptoms in women and those with a vagina

Many people with a vagina don’t develop any overt symptoms of gonorrhea. When they do develop symptoms, they tend to be mild or similar to other diagnoses, making them more difficult to identify.

Gonorrhea symptoms can appear much like common vaginal yeast or bacterial infections.

Symptoms include:

• discharge from the vagina (watery, creamy, or slightly green)
• pain or burning sensation while urinating
• urge to urinate more frequently
• heavier periods or spotting
• sore throat
• pain during sexual intercourse
• sharp pain in the lower abdomen
• fever

Tests for gonorrhoea

Healthcare professionals can diagnose gonorrhea in several ways. They can take a sample of fluid from the symptomatic area (penis, vagina, rectum, or throat) with a swab and place it on a glass slide.

If your doctor suspects a joint infection or infection of the blood, they’ll obtain the sample by drawing blood or inserting a needle into the symptomatic joint to withdraw fluid.

They’ll then add a stain to the sample and examine it under a microscope. If cells react to the stain, gonorrhea may be diagnosed. This method is relatively quick and easy, but it doesn’t provide absolute certainty. This test may also be completed by a lab technician.

A second method involves taking the same type of sample and placing it on a special dish. This will be incubated under ideal growth conditions for several days. A colony of gonorrhea bacteria will grow if gonorrhea is present.

A preliminary result may be ready within 24 hours. A final result will take up to 3 days.

Luckily, gonorrhea can be easily treated. Without treatment, gonorrhea can cause a number of long-term health problems for both women and men. 

In men, untreated gonorrhea can lead to epididymitis, an inflammation of the tube that carries sperm. Severe epididymitis can result in infertility. 

In women, it can cause pelvic inflammatory disease, which may lead to other complications, such as: infertility, ectopic pregnancy and pelvic abscesses. If you’re pregnant, gonorrhea can be transmitted to your newborn, who may then suffer joint infections, blindness, and blood-related infections. In both men and women, gonorrhea can also enter the bloodstream, and cause a condition called disseminated gonococcal infection (DGI), which in severe cases, can be life-threatening.

Treatment

1. Antibiotics

Gonorrhoea is usually treated with Ceftriaxone Injection given one time to the buttocks and a single dose of Oral Azithromycin. Once on antibiotics, you should feel relief within days.

2. Natural Remedies

Several natural remedies have been used for centuries to treat this STI. Here are some of the home remedies for gonorrhoea.

  • Garlic

Because of its antibacterial properties, garlic is used as a common home remedy for bacterial infections. A 2005 study, which examined the effects of garlic products and extracts on gonorrhea-causing bacteria, found that 47 percent of the products showed antimicrobial activity against the bacteria. However, this study was done in a laboratory setting, not on humans with gonorrhoea.

  • Apple cider vinegar

It is one of the most popular natural gonorrhoea remedies. Apple cider vinegar can be taken orally or applied topically as a solution. The antibacterial properties of apple cider vinegar may help you, but be careful it’s also highly acidic, which can irritate the delicate tissues of your genitals. Also, no study has supported or refuted these claims.

  • Goldenseal

Goldenseal plant, also known as berberine or Hydrastis canadensis L., is a known for its antimicrobial properties. This was used as a treatment for gonorrhea by European settlers in the 1800s. Some studies have examined goldenseal as an alternative to antibiotics to treat resistant staph bacteria, but there isn’t any significant research about goldenseal to treat gonorrhea.

You can get goldenseal in capsule form for ingestion and also as creams for topical use. Before taking the capsule, consult a doctor or trained herbalist for the right dosage.

  • Echinacea

The anti-inflammatory properties of echinacea or coneflower hand may help reduce inflammation in the sexual organs, including gonorrhoea. Available in the form of gels or creams, its topical application is known to help ease skin problems and soothe irritation. Taking echinacea extract has been shown to stimulate the immune system as well.

  • Aloe Vera

The cooling effect of aloe vera gel may benefit anyone with an STD. This powerful herb can hydrate your skin and speed up the wound healing process. It also has anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activity. You can use it as a gel and drink its juice to get the benefit.

Prevention

The best way to avoid contracting gonorrheaor any other STDs is to always use a condom during sex. If you know your partner has an STD, it is better to avoid sexual intercourse altogether until it is treated.

 

Written by: Ore Okubukunola

Posted on:

12 Ways to Boost Oxytocin

If you’ve heard of oxytocin, you might know a little about its somewhat impressive reputation. Even if the name oxytocin doesn’t ring a bell, you might know this hormone by one of its other names: the love hormone, cuddle hormone, or bonding hormone.

As these nicknames suggest, oxytocin plays an important part in human bonding. Released during childbirth and breastfeeding, it’s a key factor in the bond between parent and infant.

Hugging, kissing, cuddling, and sexual intimacy can all trigger oxytocin production, which can strengthen bonds between adults, too.

These effects have led oxytocin to be grouped with the other happy hormones — hormones known to have a positive impact on mood and emotions.

Your body produces oxytocin naturally, but if you want to feel the love, so to speak, try these 12 natural ways to increase it.

1. Try yoga

This wellness practice offers plenty of benefits, including:

  • less anxiety and stress
  • relief from depression and other mood symptoms
  • better sleep
  • improved quality of life

But research from 2013 suggests yoga may help increase oxytocin production, too.

This small study aimed to explore whether yoga could help increase oxytocin in people with schizophrenia, a mental health condition that often involves trouble recognizing facial emotions and other social difficulties.

According to the study results, the 15 participants who practiced yoga for 1 month saw improvements in their ability to recognize emotions and socio-occupational functioning. They also had higher levels of oxytocin. The researchers suggest that a link could exist between these findings, though their study didn’t find a correlation.

2. Listen to music — or make your own

While musical taste can vary widely from person to person, most people enjoy listening to some type of music.

You probably listen to music because you enjoy it, but you might have noticed it has other benefits, like improving your mood, focus, and motivation. It also seems to help improve the ability to create social bonds — an effect also associated with oxytocin.

Research is still limited, but a few small studies have found evidence to suggest music can help boost oxytocin levels in your body:

  • A 2015 study asked four jazz singers to perform two different songs: one improvised, one composed. When the singers improvised, their oxytocin levels increased. The study authors suggest this happened because an improvised performance calls for strong social behaviors such as cooperation, trust, and communication.
  • According to a 2009 study, 20 open-heart surgery patients who listened to music while on bed rest had higher levels of oxytocin and felt more relaxed than patients who didn’t listen to music.
  • In a 2003 study of 16 singers, oxytocin levels increased in all participants after a singing lesson. The study participants also reported feeling more energized and relaxed.

You probably didn’t need another reason to turn up your favourite tunes, but here’s another good one!

3. Get (or give) a massage

Love a good massage? You’re in luck.

A 2012 study looking at 95 adults found evidence to suggest 15 minutes of massage could not only help people relax, but it could also boost oxytocin levels.

Research from 2015 supports this finding and expands on it, noting that oxytocin levels also increase in the person giving the massage.

What does oxytocin do for you? Well, people often report less pain, stress, and anxiety post-massage. Many also notice an improved mood and greater feelings of well-being.

You don’t have to get a professional massage to see these benefits, either. Research suggests that massage from a partner or other loved one may work just as well.

4. Tell someone how much you care

Want to strengthen your emotional connection with others? Tell them how you feel.

Sharing your love and affection with the people who mean the most to you can help increase oxytocin in a few ways:

  • Sharing your feelings with a loved one often leads them to reply in kind.
  • Telling a friend or partner you love them can prompt a hug, hand squeeze, or kiss.
  • Letting someone know how much you appreciate them can increase prosocial feelings on both sides.

5. Spend time with friends

Strong friendships can make a big difference in your emotional well-being. Kicking it with your pals can make for a good time, but it can also help you feel socially supported and less alone in the world.

That’s oxytocin at work. The good feelings you experience around your friends can help you feel more positive about your interactions, making you want to spend more time together. The trust and affection you have for them also tends to increase when you share their company more often.

Whether you make specific plans or simply enjoy hanging out, the more time you spend together, the stronger your bond will likely become.

6. Meditate

A daily meditation practice can help reduce stress and anxiety, improve your mood, and help you feel more compassion toward yourself and others. These effects can go a long way toward increasing your sense of connection and bolstering your relationships with others.

But you also target oxytocin production by focusing your meditation on someone you care about. Loving-kindness meditation, also referred to as compassion meditation, involves directing thoughts of love, compassion, and goodwill toward someone in your life and sending thoughts of peace and wellness toward them.

7. Make your conversations count

Active (or empathic) listening is a basic principle of strong social interactions and relationships.

Bonding and increasing feelings of connection, trust, and empathy can sometimes be as easy as really, truly listening to what someone has to say. It’s easy to tell someone you care about the things that matter to them, but this shows you really mean it.

So, when your friend or partner wants to talk about something important, put down anything that might distract you, make eye contact, and give them your complete attention. This close interaction can trigger oxytocin release, helping you feel more connected to each other.

8. Cook (and eat) with someone you care about

Research on chimpanzees suggests sharing food can increase oxytocin.

It makes sense for humans, too — sharing food is a great way to bond. Think back to your middle school or elementary days. Splitting that cookie or packet of fruit snacks may have netted you a friend or two, right?

Preparing a meal with friends or a partner can provide enjoyment in addition to nourishment. You don’t just share the finished meal, you spend time with people you like and bond over its creation.

And don’t forget, the act of eating itself can produce pleasure — enough, in fact, to trigger oxytocin release.

9. Sex

Sexual intimacy — orgasm, in particular — is one key way to raise oxytocin levels and demonstrate affection for someone else.

Having sex with your partner can help you feel closer and more connected, but you can still see this increase in oxytocin without a relationship.

The best part? Both you and your partner get this oxytocin boost.

10. Cuddle or hug

You don’t have to get down to get your oxytocin up.

Other forms of physical intimacy, like cuddling or hugging, can also trigger oxytocin production in your body.

Hugs, hand-holding, and cuddling can all do the trick. So take a few moments for a good, long hug with your partner, kid, or even your pet.

11. Do something nice for someone

Altruistic or selfless behaviors can also promote oxytocin release.

Giving someone a gift or practicing a random act of kindness makes them happy, which can make you feel happy, too. The simple act of brightening someone’s day can lift your spirits and promote positive feelings in you, too.

So, if you can, live life generously. You might try:

  • offering to help a neighbor with a chore
  • giving a few extra dollars to charity
  • supporting your favorite cause
  • buying a gift card for a friend or family member

12. Pet dogs

If you’re a dog lover, have we got a tip for you!

If you can, stop what you’re doing and go pet your dog. Feel better? Your dog probably does, too. Research suggests that both dogs and humans see an increase in oxytocin from physical contact, including patting and stroking.

That’s why it can feel so comforting to cuddle your animal friend when you feel upset. The oxytocin produced by your interaction helps you feel a little better.

Though this research only looked at human-dog interactions, it’s pretty safe to say petting your cat or giving your bird some head scratches will probably have a similar effect.

 

Reference: Healthline

Written by: Omojo Emeje

Posted on:

What is the link between love and oxytocin?

It is sometimes referred to as the “love hormone,” because levels of oxytocin increase during hugging and orgasm. It may also have benefits as a treatment for a number of conditions, including depression, anxiety, and intestinal problems.

Oxytocin is produced in the hypothalamus, a part of the brain. Females usually have higher levels than males.

Fast facts on oxytocin

  • Oxytocin is produced in the hypothalamus and released during sex, childbirth, and lactation to aid reproductive functions.
  • It has physical and psychological effects, including influencing social behavior and emotion.
  • Oxytocin is prescribed as a drug for obstetric and gynecological reasons and can help in childbirth.
  • Research shows that it may benefit people with an autistic spectrum disorder (ASD), anxiety, and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).

What is oxytocin?

Oxytocin is a neurotransmitter and a hormone that is produced in the hypothalamus. From there, it is transported to and secreted by the pituitary gland, at the base of the brain.

It plays a role in the female reproductive functions, from sexual activity to childbirth and breast feeding. Stimulation of the nipples triggers its release.

During labor, oxytocin increases uterine motility, causing contractions in the muscles of the uterus, or womb. As the cervix and vagina start to widen for labor, oxytocin is released. This widening increases as further contractions occur.

Oxytocin also has social functions. It impacts bonding behaviour, the creation of group memories, social recognition, and other social functions.

Oxytocin as a drug

Oxytocin is used as a prescription drug under the brand name Pitocin. Under medical supervision, an oxytocin injection is sometimes used to start birth contractions or strengthen them during labor, and it helps reduce bleeding after delivery. Side effects include a rapid heartbeat and unusual bleeding.

If too much oxytocin is delivered too rapidly, it can lead to a rupture of the uterus.

Oxytocin can also be given to make the uterus contract and control bleeding after a delivery or a termination.

It can be used medically to induce a termination or complete a miscarriage.

The love hormone?

In 2012, researchers reported that people in the first stages of romantic attachment had higher levels of oxytocin, compared with non-attached single people. These levels persisted for at least 6 months.

Sexual activity has been found to stimulate the release of oxytocin, and it appears to have a role in erection and orgasm. The reason for this is not fully understood, but, in women, it may be that the increased uterine motility may help sperm to reach their destination. Some have proposed a correlation between the concentration of oxytocin and the intensity of orgasm.

Oxytocin and emotion

When oxytocin enters the bloodstream, it affects the uterus and lactation, but when it is released into certain parts of the brain, it can impact emotional, cognitive, and social behaviors.

One review of research into oxytocin states that the hormone’s impact on “pro-social behaviors” and emotional responses contributes to relaxation, trust, and psychological stability.

Brain oxytocin also appears to reduce stress responses, including anxiety. These effects have been seen in a number of species.

The hormone has been described as “an important component of a complex neurochemical system that allows the body to adapt to highly emotive situations.”

Is it that simple?

In 2006, investigators reported finding higher levels of oxytocin and cortisol among women who had “gaps in their social relationships” and more negative relations with their primary partner. The participants were all receiving hormone therapy (HT) following menopause.

Animal studies have found high levels of both stress and oxytocin in voles that were separated from other voles. However, when the voles were given doses of oxytocin, their levels of anxiety, cardiac stress, and depression fell, suggesting that stress increases internal production of the hormone, while externally supplied doses can help reduce stress.

Clearly, the action of oxytocin is not straightforward.

A review published in 2013 cautions that oxytocin is likely to have general rather than specific effects, and that oxytocin alone is unlikely to affect “complex, high-order mental processes that are specific to social cognition.” The authors also point out that a willingness to collaborate is likely to be driven by anxiety in the first place.

Nevertheless, oxytocin does appear to be associated with social behaviour, including maternal care, bonding between couples, sexual behaviour, social memory, and trust.

Behavioural effects

Delivering oxytocin through a nasal spray has allowed researchers to observe its effects on behavior.

In 2011, research published in Psychopharmacology found that intranasal oxytocin improved self-perception in social situations and increased personality traits such as warmth, trust, altruism, and openness.

In 2013, a study published in PNAS suggested that oxytocin may help keep men faithful to their partners, by activating the reward centers in the brain.

In 2014, researchers published findings in the journal Emotion suggesting that people saw facial expression of emotions in others more intensely after receiving oxytocin through a nasal spray.

Psychiatric therapy

Oxytocin has been proposed as a possible treatment for social phobia, autism, and postpartum depression.

Scientists have proposed that it might help improve interpersonal and individual wellbeing, and that it could have applications for people with some neuropsychiatric disorders.

They believe it could help people who avoid social interaction, and those who experience persistent fear and an inability to trust others.

Children with autism could benefit from oxytocin, say some researchers. In 2013, a small study suggested that oxytocin levels in the brain affected how 17 children perceived a series of social and non-social images.

Oxytocin may also play a role in anger management. Research has indicated that certain polymorphisms of the oxytocin receptor (OXTR) gene are associated with an increased tendency to react angrily to situations.

In particular, differences in OXTR gene expression appear to affect the regulation of the relationship between alcohol and aggressive behaviour.

Oxytocin appears to increase the release of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in cells lining the intestine. This helps to encourage the repair of intestinal injury and to protect against such injury.

If this is confirmed, oxytocin could be a useful therapy for preventing chemo-radiotherapy-induced intestine injury, and it could be used to treat irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).

Risks

The role of oxytocin is complex and not easy to pin down.

While it appears to enhance bonding and the forming of communities, it may also encourage the formation of “in-groups” and “out-groups,” giving rise to envy, prejudice, and possibly aggression.

Participants in a 2014 study were more likely to lie for the benefit of others in the same group after receiving oxytocin. The findings, said researchers, could help with “providing insight into when and why collaboration turns into corruption.”

More investigation is needed to understand the complexity of oxytocin and what it does.

 

Reference: Medicalnewstoday

Written by: Omojo Emeje

Posted on:

What’s Going On With Hormones And Neurotransmitters During Sex

What’s going on in men’s and women’s brains and bodies before, during and after sex?

It seems that passion is an inspiring, but complex feeling too hard to explain with science. In fact, the chemical processes in our brains can clarify what we feel in moments of intimacy.

Desire

Sexual desire may come spontaneously or be encouraged by stimulation. A partner’s presence or some action like touching, watching erotic movies or looking at pictures activate the brain and the feeling of desire.

Spontaneous desire usually appears when you’re falling in love with a new partner. In a long-term relationship, however, the drive usually comes after erotic stimulation or by the feeling of emotional or physical intimacy.

We choose our partners with social, cultural, economic, and even by genetic factors in mind.

Excitement

It’s pretty hard to distinguish desire and excitement, but researchers prefer to separate them. Usually, scientists define excitement as the physiological body response to something such as changes in genitalia. It’s also important to know that excitement can still occur even if a person doesn’t feel any sexual desire.

When touching, kissing, and doing other sexual things, the peripheral nervous system gets a signal and forwards it to the brain. The hypothalamus, which controls all of the hormones in the body, responds to arousal. It signals the body produce testosterone. Actually, it’s really hard for men and women to get excited or feel an orgasm if they have a low level of this hormone.

In women, the luteinizing hormone is positively correlated with sexual excitement. The peak of this hormone occurs before ovulation when a woman’s eggs are preparing for fertilization. Some studies even claim that a woman’s gait, voice and smell change before ovulation.

It’s unclear if taking contraceptive pills affects women’s desire. A systematic review has shown different results. The majority of women didn’t feel any changes, though some noticed a heightened libido and some complained about decreased desire.

The neurotransmitter dopamine is produced in response to sexual stimulation, and thanks to dopamine, we really do feel enjoyment. In addition, dopamine is not only connected with sex, but also with delicious food, learning something new, music, gambling, and taking drugs.

Arousal causes an output of nitrogen oxide and noradrenaline. These substances increase blood to our genitalia to initiate an erection, lubrication, and the enlargement of labia.

Plateau

The plateau phase is the period of sexual excitement prior to orgasm. If a person can’t feel an orgasm, resolution occurs. In other words, the plateau is the highest point of excitement. Heart rate, respiration, pressure, and muscle tension continue to increase throughout. The clitoris becomes extremely sensitive and withdraws slightly. The Bartholin glands produce further lubrication.

sex_eng

Activity in different parts of the brain also increases. One of these parts is the amygdala. It participates in processing memory, decision-making, and emotional responses. But the activity of the part of the brain responsible for past memories actually decreases. Maybe this is because we don’t care about memory recall and other associated emotions during sex.

Orgasm

Orgasm is the most pleasant and the shortest phase. Women are a bit luckier than men because their orgasms lasts longer and they can experience multiple orgasms. But guys have another something else: it’s easier for them to get an orgasm.

Secretion of the hormone oxytocin leads to rhythmic muscle contraction and ejaculation. The larger the release of oxytocin, the more intense the orgasm. After that, the nucleus accumbens rewards us with a good portion of dopamine that we feel as relaxing pleasure.

30Active parts of the brain are involved in orgasm.

MRI scans show that different parts of the brain are involved during orgasm. These parts include the amygdala (memory and emotions), hypothalamus (subconscious body control), anterior cingulate cortex (impulse control and empathy), and nucleus accumbens (a feeling of euphoria). Overall, there are about 30 active parts of the brain involved in orgasm.

After ejaculation men need some rest (a refractory period) before they can be aroused again. Their neurons just cannot send out the required amount of neurotransmitters. Women don’t have a refractory period, so they can experience multiple orgasms.

Resolution

Muscles relax, the heart rate and breath normalize and the body feels a pleasant tiredness.

The length of the refractory period is unique to every person. Some can be aroused again after a couple of minutes, some needs an hour or even a day. It depends on different factors. At the moment, researchers know that the larger the oxytocin and prolactin output, the longer refractory period will last.

Oxytocin release causes the sense of trust and makes us miss our partners. People with high levels of testosterone may probably not feel the connection, because this hormone suppresses oxytocin activity.

 

Reference: Atlasbiomed

Written by: Omojo Emeje

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